Special vehicles can be divided into general vans, special transport vehicles, refrigerated vehicles, civil construction vehicles, environmental protection vehicles and various purpose service vehicles. The aluminization rate of cars varies from country to country, and the aluminization rates in Europe, North America and Japan are high. Most of the aluminum materials used in vans and special-purpose transport vehicles are industrial, and the production is not difficult. Aluminization of special-purpose vehicles has huge potential for energy saving, emission reduction and environmental protection.
Application of aluminum in special transport vehicles
van
The front support beam of the minivan is casted by aluminum alloy, which is 42% lighter than the steel part, and reduces the noise and vibration of the vehicle at the same time. The container transport vehicle is actually a flat-panel large transport vehicle. Its aluminization is relatively simple, as long as the steel bottom plate carrying the container is replaced with aluminum alloy, just like the aluminum alloy bottom plate of the high-speed rail carriage, which can be used with a thickness of 6 mm-8 5083 aluminum alloy extruded profiles of mm are welded.
liquid transporter
In fact, the liquid transport vehicle is a tank truck. Usually, the shape, composition and material of the tank are determined according to the different materials to be transported, but the most important thing is that the material does not chemically react with the liquid loaded, usually stainless steel, pure aluminum or aluminum. The inner surface of some tanks needs to be treated with titanium plating and fluorinated resin coating. There are many types of tank trucks, with different shapes and sizes. Some of the tanks have a very large volume, such as the storage tank volume on a liquefied natural gas (LNG) ship with a volume of 28,000 L, and some tanks are vacuum. Under certain conditions, as long as aluminum and aluminum alloys have no effect on the quality of the transported materials, aluminum or aluminum alloy plates should be welded to reduce the quality of the vehicle and achieve the purpose of energy conservation, emission reduction, consumption reduction, and environmental protection.
tanker
Tanks for transporting aviation gasoline and jet kerosene must be welded with aluminum alloys, because even if stainless steel tanks are used, a very small amount of iron will enter the oil, which is not allowed. The section of the cylinder is an arc rectangle, which is based on the consideration of lowering the center of gravity of the vehicle and increasing the cross-sectional area within the range of the vehicle's overall dimensions. The material of the head is the same as that of the tank, which is also 5083 aluminum alloy. If the wall thickness of the head is equal to or greater than that of the tank body plate, the thickness of the wave-proof plate and the reinforcement plate is 1 mm thinner than that of the tank body, and the thickness of the left and right support plates at the bottom of the tank body is 6 mm -8 mm, and the material is 5A06 aluminum alloy.
Adding a certain amount of honeycomb-shaped mesh or spherical explosion-suppressing material made of 3003 aluminum alloy foil to the storage and transportation tanks of oil products and liquid chemical products can prevent their combustion and explosion. This explosion suppression net or ball is made of 3003-H18 (or H24) aluminum alloy foil with a thickness of 0.05 mm and a width of 250 mm.
Refrigerated trucks and liquefied gas transport vehicles
The biggest difference between aluminum and steel in the relationship between properties and temperature is that steel has low temperature brittleness, while aluminum and aluminum alloys do not. Therefore, aluminum alloy becomes a good material for the manufacture of low-temperature equipment and facilities. 5083-O aluminum alloy sheet can be welded for tank trucks transporting LNG and large tanks for storing LNG.
Another advantage of using aluminum alloy sheets, profiles and other materials to manufacture refrigerated transport vehicles is that aluminum is a clean, harmless and environmentally friendly metal that is easy to clean and does not absorb and emit gas. The four walls of the refrigerated truck are made of three-layer composite materials, the upper and lower layers are aluminum alloy sheets, and the middle is thermal insulation material, which has strong thermal insulation performance.
